The Tabernas Desert is located in the province of Almería, in the southeast of Andalucia. It is a semi-arid desert that covers an area of approximately 280 square kilometers (110 square miles). The landscape of the Tabernas Desert is characterized by its rugged terrain, barren hills, and dry riverbeds.
The area is known for its unique scenery, which has been used as the backdrop for many famous Western movies, including “The Good, the Bad and the Ugly,” “For a Few Dollars More,” and “A Fistful of Dollars.” Because of this, the desert is sometimes referred to as “The Hollywood of Europe.”
Despite its harsh environment, the Tabernas Desert is home to a variety of flora and fauna. This includes several species of reptiles, birds, and mammals. The area also has a rich cultural history, with evidence of human settlement dating back to prehistoric times.
Today, the Tabernas Desert is a popular tourist destination. Many visitors coming to explore its unique landscapes and enjoy activities such as hiking, cycling, and off-road driving.
Activities and Guided tours in The Tabernas Desert from Get Your Guide
Flora
Contrary to what may seem at first glance, the vegetation of Tabernas is very rich, with numerous endemic species. This richness is due to the development of all kinds of specific adaptations to fight against the factors that limit the development of vegetation.
On the edges of ravines we can find species such as the tamarisk, broom, oleander, fig tree, palm trees… On the slopes of mountainous areas, aromatic plants, esparto grass, albardine, etc. are present. But, the botanical jewel of this place is the Euzomodendron bourgeanum, a plant that is only found in this area.
Fauna
Like the vegetation in The Tabernas Desert, the fauna has had to adapt to these arid conditions, with spatial distribution being conditioned by the terrain and conditions. Most fauna resides in the areas of ravines and other shady spots.
There is a great presence of birds: kestrel, Eagle owl, jackdaw, sparrow, trumpeter finch, partridges, falcons, eagles, and even sandpipers and herons.
Mammals are less numerous, with foxes, rabbits, hares, and dormice being prominent. On the other hand, reptiles, amphibians, and insects are very abundant; the latter increase their population spectacularly after rainfall.
Cause of the aridity of the climate in the Tabernas Desert
The current climate of the Tabernas Desert is Mediterranean, warm, and semi-arid. From a bioclimatic point of view, the Lang, Martonne, and Thornthwaite aridity indexes place the Tabernas Desert in the arid region of southeastern Spain.
The aridity of its climate is due to its geographical location and also to the progressive deforestation of the surrounding mountains.
The Tabernas Basin is a depression located in an intermountain corridor downstream of the large relief features of the Sierra Nevada and Filabres ranges. These reliefs intercept the moisture of the oceanic air masses channeled by hundreds of westerly winds.
The mountain system blocks the arrival of humid maritime air masses that lose their water on the slopes of the mountains exposed to the dominant winds. As these air masses descend on the other side, they have already lost much of their moisture, making the air dry and warm due to the high insolation caused by the decrease in cloudiness. This is the reason why in the region located behind the mountain system, rainfall is scarce and insolation is very high.
Towns and villages to visit close to the Tabernas Desert
There are several towns and villages in the vicinity of the Tabernas Desert that are worth exploring. Here are a few examples:
Tabernas: This is a small town located in the heart of the desert, and it is the gateway to the area’s many attractions. In Tabernas, you can visit the Mini Hollywood theme park, which has been used as a film set for many Western movies.
Sorbas: This is a picturesque village located in the nearby Sierra de los Filabres mountain range. It is known for its stunning views, traditional architecture, and impressive karst cave system.
Nijar: This is a charming town located on the edge of the Cabo de Gata-Nijar Natural Park, which is a protected area known for its pristine beaches, crystal-clear waters, and diverse wildlife. Nijar is known for its ceramics, and you can visit local workshops to see traditional pottery being made.
Almería: This is the capital city of the province, and it is located about 30 kilometers (18.6 miles) from the Tabernas Desert. Almería has a rich history, and you can visit the Alcazaba, a medieval fortress that was built by the Moors, or the Cathedral of Almería, a stunning Gothic-style building that dates back to the 16th century. The city also has a bustling port and many restaurants, bars, and shops.
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